Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

UBR1 Promotes Sex-Dependent ACE2 Ubiquitination in Hypertension.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·2024
Same author

Nedd4-2 up-regulation is associated with ACE2 ubiquitination in hypertension.

Cardiovascular research·2023
Same author

Circulating Plasma Exosomal Proteins of Either SHIV-Infected Rhesus Macaque or HIV-Infected Patient Indicates a Link to Neuropathogenesis.

Viruses·2023
Same author

Transcriptome analysis reveals sexual disparities in gene expression in rat brain microvessels.

Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·2021
Same author

Mobilization of Iron Stored in Bacterioferritin Is Required for Metabolic Homeostasis in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2020
Same author

The Actin Bundling Protein Fascin-1 as an ACE2-Accessory Protein.

Cellular and molecular neurobiology·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology
14:57

Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology

Published on: March 23, 2011

94.4K

An Rtn4/Nogo-A-interacting micropeptide modulates synaptic plasticity with age.

S Kragness1, Z Clark1, A Mullin1,2

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States of America.

Plos One
|June 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary

We discovered a novel micropeptide, Plasticity-Associated Neural Transcript Short (Pants), in the brain that negatively impacts synaptic plasticity. This finding sheds light on potential mechanisms underlying schizophrenia risk.

More Related Videos

Preparation of Synaptoneurosomes from Mouse Cortex using a Discontinuous Percoll-Sucrose Density Gradient
08:30

Preparation of Synaptoneurosomes from Mouse Cortex using a Discontinuous Percoll-Sucrose Density Gradient

Published on: September 17, 2011

31.9K
A High-throughput Calcium-flux Assay to Study NMDA-receptors with Sensitivity to Glycine/D-serine and Glutamate
04:48

A High-throughput Calcium-flux Assay to Study NMDA-receptors with Sensitivity to Glycine/D-serine and Glutamate

Published on: July 10, 2018

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology
14:57

Preparation of Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rats and Transgenic Mice for the Study of Synaptic Alterations during Aging and Amyloid Pathology

Published on: March 23, 2011

94.4K
Preparation of Synaptoneurosomes from Mouse Cortex using a Discontinuous Percoll-Sucrose Density Gradient
08:30

Preparation of Synaptoneurosomes from Mouse Cortex using a Discontinuous Percoll-Sucrose Density Gradient

Published on: September 17, 2011

31.9K
A High-throughput Calcium-flux Assay to Study NMDA-receptors with Sensitivity to Glycine/D-serine and Glutamate
04:48

A High-throughput Calcium-flux Assay to Study NMDA-receptors with Sensitivity to Glycine/D-serine and Glutamate

Published on: July 10, 2018

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Micropeptides, encoded by small open reading frames, are largely uncharacterized in the mammalian brain.
  • The 22q11.2 genomic region, associated with schizophrenia, harbors potential micropeptide-coding sequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel micropeptides in the brain, focusing on their role in neural function and plasticity.
  • To investigate the function of the Plasticity-Associated Neural Transcript Short (Pants) micropeptide in the hippocampus.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis to identify micropeptide-coding regions.
  • Quantitative analysis of Pants expression in the hippocampus during early adulthood.
  • Electrophysiological recordings to assess the impact of Pants on long-term potentiation (LTP).
  • Biochemical assays to determine Pants localization, secretion, and interaction with other proteins.

Main Results:

  • Pants is upregulated in the hippocampal mossy fiber circuit in early adulthood.
  • Pants negatively regulates LTP and is secreted from neurons, associating with synapses.
  • Pants interacts with Rtn4/Nogo-A, enhancing its effect on AMPA receptor clustering and gating synaptic plasticity.

Conclusions:

  • Neural micropeptides, exemplified by Pants, can serve as functional modules modulating synaptic plasticity.
  • Pants' interaction with Nogo-A highlights a novel regulatory mechanism in adult neural circuits.
  • Dysregulation of micropeptides like Pants may contribute to neurological disorders such as schizophrenia.