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Risk Factors for Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Major Adverse Limb Events after Venous Thromboembolism: A
Steve Raoul Noumegni1,2, Romain Didier2,3, Vincent Mansourati2,3
1Departments of Internal Medicine, Vascular Medicine and Pneumology, Brest University Teaching Hospital, Brest Teaching Hospital, Brest, France.
This study identified key risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE) following venous thromboembolism (VTE). Understanding these factors can help prevent future arterial events in VTE patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Vascular Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) significantly increases the risk of arterial events, including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE).
- Risk factors contributing to these arterial events post-VTE remain inadequately understood, necessitating further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize the risk factors associated with MACE and MALE in patients who have experienced VTE.
- To provide insights for targeted prevention strategies for arterial events after VTE.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter prospective cohort study involving 4,940 patients with VTE.
- Competing risk models (Fine-Gray) were employed to analyze the incidence of MACE and MALE over a median follow-up of 64 months.
Main Results:
- MACE occurred in 17.3% and MALE in 1.7% of participants.
- Key risk factors for MACE included older age, pulmonary embolism with deep vein thrombosis (DVT), unprovoked VTE, tobacco use, hypertension, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation.
- Risk factors for MALE were identified as age between 50-65 years and atrial fibrillation.
Conclusions:
- The study highlights that traditional cardiovascular risk factors, patient comorbidities, and specific VTE characteristics are significant predictors of MACE and MALE.
- These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive risk assessment and management in VTE patients to mitigate arterial event risk.
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