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Aortic graft infections (AGI) are serious vascular surgery complications. Patients with malignancy, alcohol abuse, or prolonged hospital stays face a higher risk of AGI.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Aortic graft infections (AGI) are severe complications in vascular surgery, associated with high mortality rates.
  • Limited research exists on risk factors predisposing patients to these infections.
  • Identifying perioperative factors is crucial for preventing AGI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify perioperative risk factors associated with aortic graft infections (AGI).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study of patients undergoing open aortic repair (2013-2019).
  • Cases of AGI defined by MAGIC criteria, matched with uninfected controls.
  • Univariate and multivariate analyses assessed demographic, clinical, and laboratory predictors.

Main Results:

  • Most AGIs occurred late (median 13.5 months), with Gram-negative bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae) predominating.
  • Lower postoperative serum albumin levels were observed in infected patients (1.9 vs. 2.4 g/dL).
  • Significant correlations with AGI included alcohol abuse, malignancy, prolonged hospital stays, wound complications, and in-hospital infections. Multivariate analysis confirmed prolonged hospital stays (OR 1.05), malignancy (OR 5.82), and alcohol abuse (OR 42.41) as independent predictors.

Conclusions:

  • Malignancy, alcohol abuse, and prolonged hospital stays are significant risk factors for aortic graft infections.
  • Targeted strategies are essential to mitigate AGI risk in high-risk patient populations.