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Overview of intraoperative neuromonitoring
Marc R Nuwer1, Aatif M Husain2, Francisco Soto3
1Departments of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, and Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|June 30, 2022
Summary
Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) helps prevent brain and nerve damage during surgery. This technique uses neurophysiology to monitor and alert surgical teams to potential risks, improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Surgical Technology
Background:
- Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is a critical tool for minimizing neurological deficits after surgery.
- IONM techniques have evolved significantly since the 1930s, with substantial expansion since the 1980s.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of IONM in reducing adverse postoperative neurological outcomes.
- To describe the roles of neurophysiologists and technologists in IONM.
- To emphasize the need for clear communication during IONM procedures.
Main Methods:
- IONM employs various techniques to monitor baseline neurological findings and test nerve/cortex function.
- Interpretation of findings, staff supervision, and medical recommendations are crucial roles for neurophysiologists.
- Monitoring can be performed in-person or remotely in real-time.
Main Results:
- IONM provides real-time data to assess neurological function during surgical procedures.
- Timely and clear communication from the IONM team to surgeons is essential for effective intervention.
- The involvement of trained neurophysiology professionals is key to successful IONM.
Conclusions:
- IONM is vital for reducing postoperative neurological complications.
- Expert interpretation and timely communication are paramount for effective IONM.
- The integration of neurophysiology expertise enhances surgical safety and patient outcomes.
