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Button battery injury: An update
1MBBS, Ear, Nose and Throat Principal House Officer (Unaccredited registrar), Ipswich Hospital, Ipswich, Qld.
Insights
Button battery ingestion (BBI) in children is a medical emergency requiring urgent removal to prevent severe tissue damage. Early recognition and prompt referral are crucial for managing these potentially life-threatening paediatric injuries.
Area of Science:
- Paediatric Medicine
- Emergency Medicine
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Paediatric button battery injuries pose diagnostic challenges in general practice.
- Unwitnessed ingestions may present with non-specific symptoms mimicking other conditions.
- Limited awareness of the rapid onset of injury from button battery ingestion (BBI) exists.
Purpose of the Study:
- To raise awareness of the rapid, life-threatening tissue injury caused by BBI.
- To emphasize the importance of timely referral for button battery ingestion.
- To provide an update on current management strategies, including first aid in general practice.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on button battery ingestion management.
- Analysis of case presentations and clinical outcomes.
- Guideline review for emergency department and general practice settings.
Main Results:
- Button battery ingestion is a medical emergency requiring immediate removal.
- Caustic burn injury can occur within 15 minutes of button battery exposure.
- Honey or sucralfate may delay injury while awaiting removal.
Conclusions:
- Urgent removal of button batteries is critical to prevent severe tissue damage.
- General practitioners must be aware of the time-sensitive nature of BBI.
- Prompt referral and appropriate first aid are essential for optimal paediatric outcomes.
Background:
Paediatric button battery injuries present a challenge in the general practice setting. Although some children present with history or parental suspicion of button battery ingestion (BBI) or insertion, unwitnessed cases may present with non-specific symptoms that can mimic many respiratory and gastrointestinal pathologies.
Objective:
The aim of this article is to increase awareness of the fast onset of life-threatening tissue injury from BBI and the importance of timely referral as well as provide an update on current management, including first aid management in the general practice setting.
Discussion:
BBI is a medical emergency. The button battery requires urgent removal as it can cause caustic burn injury to its surrounding tissues in as little as 15 minutes. Limited awareness of the time-critical nature of this presentation has been reported in multiple triage settings. Studies have shown a role for consumption of honey or sucralfate in delaying tissue injury while awaiting surgical removal.
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