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Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
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Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

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Cumulative hypoxia, socioeconomic deprivation and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants

Theodore Dassios1, Ourania Kaltsogianni1, Poonam Belani2

  • 1Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK.

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
|July 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Hypoxia negatively impacts preterm infants' motor skills and cognition. Higher caregiver education positively influences cognitive and language development in these vulnerable newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Hypoxia and socioeconomic deprivation are known risk factors for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in newborns.
  • Preterm infants are particularly vulnerable to the effects of hypoxia due to immature organ systems.
  • Socioeconomic factors can significantly influence the environment and resources available for infant development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific impacts of hypoxia and socioeconomic deprivation on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants.
  • To quantify the relationship between intra-uterine and post-natal hypoxia and neurodevelopmental scores.
  • To assess the influence of socioeconomic status, specifically caregiver education, on cognitive, motor, and language development.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study analyzing data from 80 preterm infants (born <30 weeks gestational age) between 2015-2018.
  • Neurodevelopmental outcomes (motor, cognitive, language) assessed at 24 months corrected age using the Bayley-III scale.
  • Quantified hypoxic exposure as the percentage of time with oxygen saturation (SpO2) <75% and socioeconomic status using the Multiple Deprivation Index (MDI).

Main Results:

  • Increased time with SpO2 <75% was significantly associated with poorer motor scores (adjusted p=0.020).
  • Hypoxic exposure was negatively correlated with cognitive scores (adjusted p=0.012).
  • Higher caregiver education levels (MDI education domain) were positively associated with cognitive (adjusted p=0.011) and language scores (adjusted p=0.025).

Conclusions:

  • Hypoxia during infancy adversely affects motor function and cognitive development in preterm infants.
  • Higher socioeconomic status, indicated by caregiver education, is linked to improved cognitive and language outcomes.
  • These findings highlight the critical roles of oxygenation management and socioeconomic support in optimizing neurodevelopmental trajectories for preterm infants.
Abstract

Keywords:
Neurodevelopmental outcomesPrematurely born infantsSocioeconomic deprivation

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