Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 6, 2025
05:57
Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats
Published on: June 27, 2014
13.3K
The Patient preference predictor and the objection from higher-order preferences
1Department of Philosophy and History of Ideas, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark jtm@cas.au.dk.
Journal of Medical Ethics
|July 1, 2022
Summary
This response introduces a novel autonomy-based objection to the patient preference predictor (PPP), termed the "objection from higher-order preferences." This new challenge is presented as a significant consideration for the PPP framework.
Area of Science:
- Bioethics
- Philosophy of Medicine
Background:
- The patient preference predictor (PPP) has faced objections concerning patient autonomy.
- Jardas et al. recently provided a defense of the PPP against these autonomy-based challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce a new autonomy-based objection to the patient preference predictor (PPP).
- To evaluate the strength of this new objection in comparison to existing ones.
Main Methods:
- Philosophical argumentation and conceptual analysis.
- Identification and articulation of a novel objection: the 'objection from higher-order preferences'.
Main Results:
- A new objection to the PPP, the 'objection from higher-order preferences,' is formulated.
- This objection is argued to be at least as powerful as previously discussed autonomy-based objections.
Conclusions:
- The 'objection from higher-order preferences' presents a significant, albeit potentially not decisive, challenge to the patient preference predictor (PPP).
- Further discussion is warranted regarding the implications of higher-order preferences for patient autonomy in predictive models.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:09Decision Making: P-value Method
5.6K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses: a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses: a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.6K
01:31Confirmation Biases
7.1K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
7.1K
01:52Persuasion Strategies
39.5K
Researchers have tested many persuasion strategies, including the foot-in-the door and the door-in-the-face techniques, in a variety of contexts. Ultimately, the principles are effective in selling products and changing people’s attitude, ideas, and behaviors (Cialdini & Goldstein, 2004).
39.5K
02:55Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
91.3K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
91.3K
02:20Routes of Persuasion
65.0K
Persuasion is the process of changing our attitude toward something based on some kind of communication. Much of the persuasion we experience comes from outside forces. How do people convince others to change their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors? What communications do you receive that attempt to persuade you to change your attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors?
65.0K
02:16Stereotype Content Model
14.9K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
14.9K