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Microbiota profiling on itchy scalp with undetermined origin.

Xuejing Li1, Fang Yang2, Haosong Yan1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.

Archives of Microbiology
|July 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Scalp pruritus, a common challenge, shows distinct microbial differences between itchy and non-itchy scalp areas. Specific bacteria like Lactobacillus, Morganella, and Pseudomonas can help differentiate these sites.

Keywords:
LactobacillusMorganellaPseudomonasScalp microbiotaScalp pruritus

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Microbiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Scalp pruritus is a prevalent dermatological condition with limited therapeutic options.
  • The role of scalp microbiota in skin diseases is gaining attention, yet specific data on itchy scalps are scarce.
  • Understanding scalp microbial ecology is crucial for developing targeted treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the microbial characteristics of itchy scalps in individuals with mild pruritus of unknown origin.
  • To identify potential physiological factors and bacterial species associated with scalp pruritus.
  • To compare microbial communities between itchy and non-itchy scalp sites within the same individuals.

Main Methods:

  • 17 female subjects with mild scalp pruritus were recruited.
  • Pruritus severity was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).
  • Microbiota samples were collected from itchy and non-itchy scalp regions (occiput and crown) and analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3-V4 regions).
  • Skin parameters including sebum content, hydration, pH, transepidermal water loss, erythema index, and porphyrin counts were measured.
  • Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to analyze differences in microbial structures.

Main Results:

  • A total of 3044 amplicon sequence variants from 821 genera were identified.
  • Significant differences in microbial community structure were observed between itchy and non-itchy scalp sites (p=0.045).
  • Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium, and Lawsonella were predominant genera at both sites but not directly linked to pruritus.
  • The genera Lactobacillus, Morganella, and Pseudomonas showed potential in distinguishing between itchy and non-itchy scalp groups.
  • High inter- and intra-individual variations in scalp microbiota were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Scalp microbiota composition differs significantly between itchy and non-itchy areas, despite considerable individual variation.
  • Specific bacterial genera, including Lactobacillus, Morganella, and Pseudomonas, may serve as biomarkers for scalp pruritus.
  • These findings offer novel insights into scalp microbiota profiling and can inform the development of microbiota-targeted therapies for scalp pruritus.