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Updated: Sep 6, 2025

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Recent advances in lean NAFLD.

Ruohui Xu1, Jiashu Pan2, Wenjun Zhou1

  • 1Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|July 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects lean individuals, presenting unique risks like higher fibrosis and mortality. Research into environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors is crucial for understanding and treating lean NAFLD.

Keywords:
Animal modelsDelineationEpigeneticLean nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseMetabolic risk

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing global health concern.
  • While obesity is a primary driver, 10-20% of NAFLD cases occur in lean individuals (lean NAFLD).
  • Lean NAFLD patients exhibit distinct risk profiles, including lower rates of metabolic syndrome but potentially higher fibrosis and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research progress and characteristics of lean NAFLD.
  • To explore the role of epigenetic modifications in lean NAFLD.
  • To provide a basis for improved clinical diagnosis and treatment of lean NAFLD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lean NAFLD.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • Examination of environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors.

Main Results:

  • Lean NAFLD is associated with lower prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome compared to non-lean NAFLD.
  • Lean NAFLD patients may have higher fibrosis scores and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • Environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors are implicated in lean NAFLD pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • The mechanisms underlying lean NAFLD require further investigation.
  • Epigenetic modifications are a key area for understanding lean NAFLD.
  • Understanding these factors is essential for developing targeted clinical strategies for lean NAFLD.