Imaging of Central Nervous System Involvement in Pediatric Hematologic Disorders

Hematologic disorders and malignancies are commonly encountered in children. The central nervous system is affected by many benign and malignant hematological diseases. Neurologic findings may occur due to central involvement of hematological disease or neurotoxic effects of treatment during the disease. At all these stages, radiological imaging and evaluation have a critical role. In this review article, we aim to describe the imaging findings of central nervous system involvement in pediatric hematologic diseases. This review was prepared based on the latest literature available in the PubMed database in the English language from inception to March 2022. The radiological images of the patients in our archive were obtained from the PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication Systems) to set an example for the diseases described in the text.