Three-dimensional printing in ophthalmology and eye care: current applications and future developments.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Three-dimensional (3D) printing, a layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process, is rapidly advancing and becoming more accessible and cost-effective in medicine.
• Its applications in ophthalmology and eyecare are extensive and evolving, offering significant potential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current and potential applications of 3D printing in ophthalmology.
• To highlight the role of 3D printing in creating customized ophthalmic products and aiding surgical procedures.
• To discuss the future prospects of bioprinting in ocular tissue regeneration.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature and technological advancements in 3D printing for medical applications.
• Analysis of 3D printing's use in manufacturing ophthalmic devices and models.
• Exploration of bioprinting research for ocular tissue engineering.

Main Results:

• 3D printing is utilized for manufacturing customized orbital implants, ocular prostheses, ophthalmic models, surgical instruments, and spectacles.
• The technology enhances surgical planning, simulation, training, and teaching in ophthalmology.
• Bioprinting advancements suggest future possibilities for printing viable ocular tissues, including corneas and retinas.

Conclusions:

• 3D printing is a valuable tool in ophthalmology, offering customized solutions and improving surgical training.
• The continued development of 3D printing and bioprinting is expected to further transform eyecare and lead to wider clinical adoption.