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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
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Author Spotlight: Magnetic Fluorescent Bead-Based Dual-Reporter Flow Analysis of PDL1-Vaxx Peptide Vaccine-Induced Antibody Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction
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Immunotherapy for Pemphigus: Present and Future.

Huijie Yuan1, Meng Pan2, Hongxiang Chen1,3

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.

Frontiers in Medicine
|July 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pemphigus, an autoimmune blistering disease, has limited treatment options. New immunotherapies show promise for better efficacy and fewer side effects in managing this chronic condition.

Keywords:
clinical trialimmunotargetimproved efficacynovel therapypemphigus

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Pemphigus is a severe autoimmune bullous disease.
  • Autoantibodies target keratinocyte adhesion molecules, causing blistering.
  • Current treatments like glucocorticoids have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging immunotherapies for pemphigus.
  • To discuss immune targets and agents for pemphigus treatment.
  • To highlight the need for improved pemphigus therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pemphigus pathogenesis and treatment.
  • Analysis of immune targets and corresponding therapeutic agents.
  • Evaluation of agents in clinical practice and trials.

Main Results:

  • Rituximab with glucocorticoids is a first-line therapy.
  • Novel immunotherapies demonstrate encouraging results.
  • Understanding immune mechanisms guides new treatment development.

Conclusions:

  • Improved efficacy and safety are key goals for pemphigus treatments.
  • Minimizing side effects and achieving rapid disease control are priorities.
  • Novel immunotherapies offer hope for pemphigus patients.