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Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Isolation of Murine Lymph Node Stromal Cells
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs in Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy: More Than Just a Filter

Di Zheng1, Tejasvini Bhuvan1, Natalie L Payne1,2

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.

Frontiers in Immunology
|July 5, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) show therapeutic promise but face clinical hurdles. Their immune effects may stem from interactions with immune cells after apoptosis, particularly in secondary lymphoid organs.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases.
  • Clinical translation of MSCs has been limited by unmet trial endpoints and unclear mechanisms of action.
  • The immunomodulatory effects of MSCs are not fully understood, especially considering their rapid apoptosis post-infusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of apoptotic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in modulating immune responses.
  • To highlight the significance of MSC-immune cell interactions within secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) for therapeutic outcomes.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs beyond their viable properties.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on MSC mechanisms of action.
  • Analysis of immune responses to apoptotic cells.
  • Examination of immune cell interactions in secondary lymphoid organs.

Main Results:

  • MSC efficacy may depend on the immune response to apoptotic cells rather than solely viable cells.
  • Secondary lymphoid organs are critical sites for immune regulation and MSC-immune cell crosstalk.
  • Apoptotic cells can significantly modify immune responses in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the immune response to apoptotic MSCs is crucial for successful clinical translation.
  • Targeting MSC-immune cell interactions in SLOs could enhance therapeutic strategies.
  • The fate and immune interaction of MSCs post-infusion are key determinants of their therapeutic efficacy.
Keywords:
apoptosiscell therapyefferocytosisimmune responseslymph nodesmesenchymal stromal cellssecondary lymphoid organsspleen

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