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Early Postoperative Ondansetron Exposure is Associated with Reduced 90-Day Mortality in Patients Undergoing Cardiac
1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, China.
Background:
Ondansetron is a widely used anti-emetic for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting for patients in critical care. Recent retrospective cohort studies suggest the potential beneficial effects of ondansetron in critically ill patients. In this study, we investigate the impact of ondansetron use on patient outcomes after cardiac surgery.
Material And Methods:
The MIMIC-III database was used to identify two types of cardiac surgical patients: those who were administered early ondansetron and those who were not given this early medication in the first 48 h in the postoperative period. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the effect of ondansetron exposure on 90-day mortality, acute kidney injury, and malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Sensitivity analyses utilizing the inverse probability of treatment weighting and covariate balancing propensity score models were conducted to test the robustness of our findings.
Results:
A total of 12.4% of patients received ondansetron. Ondansetron use was associated with a lower risk of 90-day mortality in the multivariable logistic regression model (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.72; P = 0.006) and sensitivity analyses. Additionally, ondansetron exposure was associated with less postoperative acute kidney injury (OR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.69 to 0.96; P = 0.017) but did not increase the risk of postoperative malignant ventricular arrhythmias (OR: 0.38, 95%CI: 0.09 to 1.16; P = 0.191).
Conclusions:
In a population of cardiac surgical patients, early postoperative use of ondansetron appears to be associated with decreased 90-day mortality and acute kidney injury.
Insights
Early use of ondansetron in cardiac surgery patients may reduce 90-day mortality and acute kidney injury. This anti-emetic medication did not increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Ondansetron is a common anti-emetic used in critical care.
- Emerging evidence suggests ondansetron may benefit critically ill patients.
- This study focuses on ondansetron's impact on cardiac surgery outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of early postoperative ondansetron administration on patient outcomes after cardiac surgery.
- To assess the association between ondansetron use and 90-day mortality, acute kidney injury, and malignant ventricular arrhythmias.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study using the MIMIC-III database.
- Identified cardiac surgery patients receiving early ondansetron versus those who did not.
- Multivariable logistic regression and propensity score methods were used for analysis.
Main Results:
- Ondansetron use was associated with significantly lower 90-day mortality (OR: 0.31).
- Early ondansetron administration correlated with reduced postoperative acute kidney injury (OR: 0.82).
- No increased risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias was observed with ondansetron use (OR: 0.38).
Conclusions:
- Early postoperative ondansetron in cardiac surgery patients is linked to decreased 90-day mortality.
- Ondansetron use was also associated with a reduction in acute kidney injury.
- Findings suggest a potential protective role for ondansetron beyond its anti-emetic effects in this population.
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