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Related Concept Videos

Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

203
Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
203
Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength01:12

Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength

185
The rebound hammer test, also known as the Schmidt hammer test, is a non-destructive technique for evaluating the hardness of concrete and, indirectly, the strength of concrete. It operates on the principle that the rebound of a spring-driven mass from a concrete surface correlates to the surface's hardness. The device comprises a mass within a tubular housing, a spring mechanism, and a plunger that strikes the concrete. Upon release, the energy imparted to the mass by the spring causes it...
185
Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete01:28

Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete

243
Non-structural cracks are primarily of three types: plastic, early-age thermal, and drying shrinkage cracks. Plastic cracks are further classified into plastic shrinkage cracks and plastic settlement cracks.
Plastic shrinkage cracks typically form within hours after the concrete is poured. The concrete's surface dries faster than the bottom, creating tensile stress that the still-plastic concrete cannot withstand, leading to diagonal or randomly patterned cracks on the concrete surface.
243
Abrasion Resistance of Concrete01:23

Abrasion Resistance of Concrete

196
Abrasion resistance is an essential characteristic of concrete that determines its durability and longevity under various wear conditions. Concrete surfaces are vulnerable to different types of abrasion. For instance, surfaces may wear down due to the constant movement of vehicles or be eroded by solids carried in water, as seen in concrete canal linings. Specific tests are conducted to measure the abrasion resistance of concrete.
One such test is the revolving disc test, where three plates...
196
Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load01:23

Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load

265
Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
265
Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete01:16

Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete

534
The dynamic modulus of elasticity assesses how a concrete structure deforms under impact or dynamic loads. It is typically higher than the static modulus of elasticity, measured under slow, steady loading conditions.
The sonic test is a common method to determine the dynamic modulus. In this test, a concrete beam, sized either 6 x 6 x 30 inches or 4 x 4 x 20 inches, is clamped at its center. Vibrations are initiated at one end of the beam by an electromagnetic exciter unit powered by...
534

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Air-coupled ultrasonic diffuse-wave techniques to evaluate distributed cracking damage in concrete.

Eunjong Ahn1, Myoungsu Shin2, John S Popovics3

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.

Ultrasonics
|July 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Air-coupled ultrasonic diffuse-wave techniques effectively evaluate micro-cracking in concrete. This non-contact method offers reliable, faster data collection compared to traditional systems for structural health monitoring.

Keywords:
Air-coupled ultrasoundDiffuse waveDiffusivityDissipationDistributed cracking damageNon-destructive evaluation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Non-Destructive Testing

Background:

  • Concrete structures are susceptible to micro-cracking, impacting structural integrity.
  • Accurate damage assessment is crucial for effective structural health monitoring and maintenance.
  • Conventional ultrasonic methods often require direct contact, limiting flexibility and speed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the viability of air-coupled ultrasonic diffuse-wave techniques for detecting micro-cracking in concrete.
  • To compare the performance of air-coupled methods against traditional full-contact ultrasonic systems.
  • To investigate the influence of measurement location number on diffuse-wave parameter accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated micro-cracking in concrete samples using varying amounts of polypropylene fibers.
  • Employed air-coupled and full-contact ultrasonic diffuse-wave testing configurations.
  • Analyzed diffusivity and dissipation parameters at 300-600 kHz wave frequencies.
  • Examined parameter sensitivity to the number of measurement locations.

Main Results:

  • Air-coupled ultrasonic diffuse-wave techniques demonstrated comparable reliability to full-contact methods.
  • The non-contact approach significantly enhanced data collection speed and flexibility.
  • Spatial averaging of 20 data points provided diffuse-wave parameters with less than 5% difference from 32 data points.

Conclusions:

  • Air-coupled ultrasonic diffuse-wave testing is a suitable and efficient technique for evaluating micro-cracking in concrete structures.
  • This method offers a promising alternative for non-destructive evaluation and structural health monitoring.
  • Minimal data points are needed for accurate parameter determination, enhancing practical application.