Microbial cellulase production using fruit wastes and its applications in biofuels production

The present review explores fruit wastes as potential and low-cost substrates for economical production of cellulase enzymes. Being renewable, vast availability and having rich organic nutrient, these fruit wastes can be exploited to produce cellulase enzyme for various industrial applications. This review aimed to explore recent insight in sustainable production of microbial cellulolytic enzymes following solid state fermentation (SSF) wherein different types of fruit wastes as a potentially viable and alternative form of substrates have been utilized. In addition, detailed about the characteristics, mechanisms and market scenario of cellulase enzymes produced through a range of microbial species have been discussed. Further, impacts of different physicochemical parameters on solid-state fermentation based enzyme production and scale up issues have also analyzed. Moreover, applications of cellulases to produce different types of biofuels have been evaluated while emphases are made on existing hindrances and the possible strategies to improve the enzyme production process using fruit wastes.