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Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Through the Looking Glass: Time-lapse Microscopy and Longitudinal Tracking of Single Cells to Study Anti-cancer Therapeutics
06:00

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Trichodermin inhibits the growth of oral cancer through apoptosis-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and

Hsien-Lin Chen1, Yi-Hao Lo2, Chieh-Liang Lin3

  • 1Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 73657, Taiwan.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|July 5, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Trichodermin (TCD) effectively inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) growth by suppressing proliferation, migration, and inducing apoptosis. This study highlights TCD as a potential therapeutic agent for OSCC treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Trichodermin (TCD), a trichothecene, is known to inhibit eukaryotic protein synthesis.
  • The effects of TCD on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its mechanisms are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-cancer effects of TCD on human OSCC cells.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying TCD's action in OSCC.

Main Methods:

  • MTT and colony formation assays for proliferation.
  • Migration and invasion assays, Western blotting for protein analysis.
  • Flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis, apoptosis assays, and mitochondrial function assessment.
  • Zebrafish OSCC xenotransplantation model for in vivo efficacy.

Main Results:

  • TCD suppressed OSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by downregulating matrix metalloproteinase 9.
  • TCD induced G2/M phase arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis, while reducing x-linked inhibitor of apoptosis.
  • TCD impaired mitochondrial function and decreased levels of HDAC-2, p-STAT3, and p-NF-κB.
  • TCD significantly inhibited OSCC tumor growth in a zebrafish model.

Conclusions:

  • TCD exhibits significant anti-cancer properties against OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo.
  • TCD acts through multiple pathways, including apoptosis induction and metabolic dysfunction.
  • TCD represents a promising novel therapeutic strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma treatment.
Keywords:
HDAC-2MigrationMitochondrial oxidative phosphorylationOral squamous cell carcinomaTrichodermin

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