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Nano-graphite field-emission cathode for space electric propulsion systems.

Victor I Kleshch1, Rinat R Ismagilov1, Vsevolod V Mukhin1

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Nano-graphite thin films show promise for efficient space electric propulsion. These field emission cathodes offer high energy efficiency and reliability for air-breathing thrusters in satellites.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Spacecraft propulsion
  • Materials science
  • Plasma physics

Background:

  • Improving thruster efficiency is critical for electric propulsion systems.
  • Air-breathing thrusters use atmospheric gases as fuel, requiring efficient electron emission.
  • Field emission (FE) cathodes offer high energy efficiency by avoiding heating.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate field emission from nano-graphite thin films.
  • To assess their suitability for space electric propulsion systems.
  • To design and demonstrate an electron gun utilizing these cathodes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of nano-graphite thin films.
  • Experimental study of field emission properties under various gas pressures and current loads.
  • Design and testing of an electron gun prototype.

Main Results:

  • Nano-graphite films exhibited suitable field emission characteristics.
  • Performance was validated across a range of gas pressures and in both constant and pulsed modes.
  • The developed electron gun demonstrated increased reliability and minimized energy losses.

Conclusions:

  • Nano-graphite thin films are a viable material for efficient field emission cathodes.
  • The developed electron gun is suitable for air-breathing satellites in low Earth orbit.
  • This technology contributes to more efficient and reliable space electric propulsion.