Current psychoanalytic theory and practice: can there be any one valid unitary approach?

In this brief presentation, I have discussed the historical continuum of present day psychoanalysis with its early antecedents. I have described some basic concepts which illustrate where seemingly diverse psychoanalytic methodologies, based on differing scientific philosophies, actually join up, namely, in the areas of empathy, empathic resonance, "optimal responsiveness," and in the understanding and technical work with transference. Space limitations precluded mentioning issues around theories of resistance and of cure. I finished by mentioning a few general points which distinguish self psychology's approach. While a comprehensive unitary scientific philosophy awaits the further development and maturation of an infant science, nevertheless, we can agree, I think, that there are unitary principles that govern psychoanalysis, and that organize the clinical approach of the most effective of its practitioners.