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Chronic pithomycotoxicosis associated with obstructive rhinopathy in sheep.

Marcelo De Las Heras¹, Delia Lacasta¹, Raúl A Reséndiz¹

¹Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.

Veterinary Pathology

|July 5, 2022

Summary

Chronic facial eczema in sheep can cause nasal passage narrowing, leading to breathing difficulties. This study suggests the toxin sporidesmin directly affects the nasal cavity, causing arteriosclerosis and lesions.

Keywords:

Pithomyces chartarum arteriosclerosis dyspnea edema fibrosis rhinopathy sheep sporidesmin

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A Large Animal Model for Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure: Left Pulmonary Artery Ligation and Progressive Main Pulmonary Artery Banding in Sheep

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Published on: July 15, 2021

Area of Science:

Veterinary Pathology
Sheep Medicine
Toxicology

Background:

Pithomycotoxicosis, or facial eczema, is a sheep disease caused by the fungus *Pithomyces chartarum*.
It is a seasonal, hepatogenous photosensitization linked to sporidesmin ingestion.
Chronic cases can manifest with unexpected clinical signs.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate obstructive rhinopathy in sheep with chronic pithomycotoxicosis.
To characterize the clinical, imaging, and histopathological findings of nasal lesions.
To explore the potential direct impact of sporidesmin on nasal tissues.

Main Methods:

Case study of 4 adult Latxa breed sheep with suspected chronic pithomycotoxicosis.
Clinical examination, computerized tomography (CT) of the nasal cavity, serum biochemistry, necropsy, and histopathology.
Specialized histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques were employed.

Main Results:

All sheep presented with inspiratory dyspnea and snoring due to nasal lumen narrowing.
CT revealed increased soft tissue in the rostral nasal cavity.
Histopathology showed arteriosclerosis and fibrosis in nasal blood vessels, mirroring liver lesions seen in chronic pithomycotoxicosis.

Conclusions:

Chronic pithomycotoxicosis can lead to obstructive rhinopathy in sheep.
Arteriosclerosis in the nasal vasculature is a key feature of these lesions.
Findings suggest sporidesmin may have a direct toxic effect on the sheep nasal mucosa.