Strategic orchestration of MoSe₂ microspheres on β-cd functionalized rGO: A sustainable electrocatalyst for detection...

The ill effects of prolonged use of rifamycin antibiotics such as rifampicin accentuates its need for detection in the environment as well as in biological fluids. Antibiotics in water and soil are long-lasting, bio-accumulative, and hazardous to aquatic species as well as human health. To address this issue, a sensing platform has been developed using Molybdenum diselenide (MoSe₂) embedded on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) functionalized with β-cyclodextrin (β-cd) polymer. The formation of hybrid composite was validated with X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with EDX analysis. The formation of microspheres were observed with hexagonal crystal system and P63/mmc space group. Furthermore, the composite was employed to fabricate an efficient electrochemical sensor for detecting the widely used antibiotic, rifampicin (RIF). The results reveal excellent activity of the sensor with a limit of detection (LOD) of 28 nM in a linear working range from 0.019 to 374.5 μM. The sensor also exhibited a high sensitivity of 11.64 μA μM^-1 cm^-2. Additionally, the sensor showed appreciable recovery range when monitored in real-samples such as human serum and urine, and industrial water, and fish samples.