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Children from disadvantaged neighborhoods experience disproportionate injury from interpersonal violence

Stephen Trinidad1, Cole Brokamp2, Rashmi Sahay3

  • 1Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2023, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|July 5, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children in neighborhoods with high socioeconomic deprivation, particularly Black children with public insurance, face a greater risk of interpersonal violence-related injuries. This highlights the impact of social determinants of health on pediatric trauma.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Trauma
  • Public Health
  • Social Epidemiology

Background:

  • Pediatric injury disparities are linked to social determinants of health (SDH).
  • Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and sociodemographic factors may influence interpersonal violence-related injury admissions in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation, sociodemographic characteristics, and interpersonal violence-related injury admissions in pediatric patients.
  • To compare the burden of interpersonal violence-related injuries across different demographic groups and levels of neighborhood deprivation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients (≤16 years) admitted to a level 1 pediatric trauma center.
  • Residential addresses were geocoded to a census tract-level socioeconomic deprivation index.
  • Admissions were classified as interpersonal violence-related (abuse/assault) or non-violence related; multivariable regression analysis was used.

Main Results:

  • Interpersonal violence accounted for 6.2% of all pediatric injury admissions.
  • Admissions for interpersonal violence-related injuries were associated with older age, male sex, Black race, public insurance, and higher neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation.
  • Children in the most deprived neighborhoods experienced a disproportionately higher percentage of interpersonal violence-related injury admissions.

Conclusions:

  • Children from socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods, who are disproportionately Black and publicly insured, bear a higher burden of interpersonal violence-related injuries.
  • Neighborhood deprivation and insurance status significantly contribute to increased interpersonal violence-related injury admissions among Black children compared to White children.
Abstract

Keywords:
InjuryNeighborhood deprivationPediatricSocioeconomic statusTraumaViolence

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