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Interventions to Support Adherence to Oral Anticancer Medications: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Haya Waseem1, Pamela K Ginex2, Kapeena Sivakumaran1
1Evidence Foundation.
Oncology Nursing Forum
|July 5, 2022
Summary
Interventions like risk assessment and proactive follow-up can improve adherence to oral anticancer medications. However, the effectiveness of education or technology-based interventions varies, highlighting the need for further research.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Oral anticancer agents are increasingly common, necessitating strategies to ensure patient adherence.
- Poor adherence to oral anticancer therapy can negatively impact treatment outcomes and increase healthcare costs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize evidence on the efficacy of interventions aimed at improving adherence to oral anticancer regimens compared to usual care.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted in Embase®, PubMed®, and CINAHL® for comparative studies published between January 2000 and May 2021.
- Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool and Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions.
- The GRADE framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence.
Main Results:
- Interventions such as risk assessment, ongoing assessment, proactive follow-up, motivational interviewing, and structured programs demonstrated potential to improve adherence.
- Education or coaching interventions showed mixed results, with some improving adherence and others having little to no effect.
- Technological interventions may enhance adherence, but the distinction between interactive and noninteractive technology did not significantly alter outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Specific interventions, including proactive monitoring and structured support, appear beneficial for enhancing adherence to oral anticancer medications.
- Further research is required to identify the most effective strategies for supporting patients on oral anticancer therapies, especially as these formulations become more prevalent.
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