We Can Do Better at Protecting Our Service Members From Skin Cancer

Skin cancer rates have been steadily increasing among the American public for decades, but multiple studies have demonstrated that the U.S. military suffers from higher rates of skin cancer than the general public. As with so many aspects of health, simple preventive measures made early on can dramatically improve long-term health outcomes. Ample research has demonstrated that ultraviolet protection reduces skin damage and cancer rates. Although further research is needed to fully understand current barriers to soldiers' use of sun protection, we recommend a variety of simple measures the U.S. military can implement to reduce skin cancer risk for our soldiers. Early education and intervention to reduce skin cancer risk and promote sun-protective strategies is critical. These include improving sun protection offered by uniform items, such as increasing the availability of the sun hat, using eye protection with tinted inserts, and testing and publicizing the ultraviolet protection level of uniform items. We also recommend increasing sunscreen access for soldiers. Options to do so include issuing soldiers small portable packets or bottles of sunscreen to carry on their person, incorporating small packets of sunscreen in MREs, and issuing sunscreen to commands to distribute before field exercises. Unit and medical leadership should encourage the use of sunscreen and sun-protective strategies when possible; leadership engagement is critical to overcoming current behavioral barriers to change. Finally, we recommend that units attempt to reduce sun exposure during training by encouraging soldiers to seek shade and avoiding outdoor training in the middle of the day.