Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Proofreading

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore, it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...

Hindsight Biases

Hindsight Biases

Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...

Improving Translational Accuracy

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

Genome Copying Errors

Genome Copying Errors

DNA replication is a well-evolved process that copies millions of base pairs with high fidelity during each cell division. Occasionally a wrong base or a long stretch of wrong bases may get added to the daughter strands. If the errors are left unchecked, cells might accumulate several mutations that might endanger their survival. Therefore, the copying errors are checked and repaired at three levels.

Mismatch Repair

Mismatch Repair

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Contrast sensitivity and subjective visual disturbances across the psychosis continuum.

Cognitive neuropsychiatry·2026

Same author

Altered First- but not Higher-Order Motion Aftereffect Strength in Individuals With Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2026

Same author

A review of electrotactile stimulation for machine-to-human communication.

IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering·2026

Same author

Personalized labeling: A strategy for supporting self-medicating patients' decision-making during selection and use.

PloS one·2026

Same author

Task, person, and experiential characteristics drive the transfer of learning.

Communications psychology·2026

Same author

Reducing the low-prevalence effect with probe trials.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2026

Same journal

Musical training increases anticipatory responding and predictive control in sequence learning.

Psychological research·2026

Same journal

When emotions hurt: negative interpretations of bodily signals and interoceptive difficulties in fibromyalgia.

Psychological research·2026

Same journal

Emotion-specific modality effects in auditory and visual perception of emotion.

Psychological research·2026

Same journal

The effect of retrieval practice on incidental memory is modulated by emotional valence: evidence of ERPs.

Psychological research·2026

Same journal

The length of a piece of string: Where the whole is more than the sum of its constituent parts.

Psychological research·2026

Same journal

The influence of older age, individual differences in cognitive abilities, and state of mind on learning novel categories.

Psychological research·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: June 19, 2018

Revisiting the self-generation effect in proofreading.

Alexander P Burgoyne¹, Sari Saba-Sadiya², Lauren Julius Harris²

¹School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. burgoyn4@gmail.com.

Psychological Research

|July 5, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Generating your own text can hinder proofreading, making errors harder to spot. Individual differences, like fluid intelligence, impact error detection, while more time spent proofreading improves accuracy.

More Related Videos

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

Published on: January 29, 2020

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Proofreading and DNA Repair Assay Using Single Nucleotide Extension and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: June 19, 2018

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effect of Induced Emotion on Grammar Learning

Published on: January 29, 2020

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

The self-generation effect typically enhances memory for self-produced information.
Counterintuitively, this effect may impair proofreading of one's own writing.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the self-generation effect in proofreading.
Identify individual differences influencing proofreading performance.

Main Methods:

Two eye-tracking experiments were conducted.
Experiment 2 employed a studying manipulation to induce overfamiliarity with self-generated text.

Main Results:

A weak, non-significant self-generation effect was observed.
Word errors and function word errors were less detectable than non-word and content word errors, respectively.
Fluid intelligence predicted proofreading success; other cognitive factors did not.
Increased text fixations and proofreading time correlated with higher error detection rates.

Conclusions:

The self-generation effect's impact on proofreading is complex and may be influenced by text overfamiliarity.
Fluid intelligence is a key factor in effective proofreading.
Proofreading strategies, such as detailed visual scanning, are crucial for error identification.