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An Algorithm for Reconstruction of Electrical Injuries of the Scalp.

Farrukh A Khalid1, Omar A Ahmed1, Muhammad Jibran Rabbani1

  • 1From the Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Center; Royal Victoria Infirmary; and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.

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Summary

Electrical scalp injuries require thorough débridement for successful reconstruction. This study proposes a management algorithm for scalp and calvarial electrical injuries, emphasizing débridement as key to positive outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

  • Electrical injuries frequently affect the scalp, causing extensive tissue damage.
  • Burns can be contact or conductive, necessitating specialized treatment.
  • Developing countries face a high incidence of these injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present treatment experience for scalp and calvarial electrical injuries.
  • To propose a management algorithm for these complex injuries.
  • To evaluate reconstructive techniques and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study (2010-2016) of 52 patients.
  • Single-stage débridement and reconstruction.
  • Utilized CT scans for calvarial viability assessment.
  • Employing various flaps (local, pedicled, free) and grafts for reconstruction.

Main Results:

  • Successful soft-tissue reconstruction in all 52 patients.
  • Three cases of osteomyelitis treated successfully with flap re-elevation and débridement.
  • Delayed cranioplasty performed using autologous bone grafts.
  • One case of hair restoration via tissue expansion.

Conclusions:

  • A management algorithm for electrical scalp injuries is proposed.
  • Thorough débridement of the calvarium is critical for successful outcomes.
  • Effective reconstruction is achievable with diverse surgical techniques.