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Essential Oils in Urban Insect Management-A Review.

S O Oladipupo¹, X P Hu¹, A G Appel¹

¹Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36830, USA.

Journal of Economic Entomology

|July 6, 2022

Summary

Urban insect pests pose significant public health risks, and resistance to chemical insecticides is growing. Essential oils (EOs) and essential oil components (EOCs) offer promising natural alternatives for managing these pests.

Keywords:

ant bed bug cockroach stored product moths termite

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Entomology
Public Health

Background:

Urbanization drives increased populations of disease-carrying and nuisance insect pests.
Insecticide resistance to conventional chemical pesticides is a growing global concern, diminishing their effectiveness.
There is a critical need for sustainable and effective pest management strategies in urban environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively synthesize the current knowledge on the use of essential oils (EOs) and essential oil components (EOCs) for managing urban insect pests.
To evaluate the efficacy and impact of EOs and EOCs against insecticide-resistant urban insects.
To identify research gaps, limitations, and future prospects for the sustainable application of EOs in urban pest control.

Main Methods:

Literature review of laboratory and field studies on the insecticidal effects of EOs, EOCs, and commercial EO-based products.
Analysis of reported efficacy against various urban insect pest species.
Assessment of toxicity and resistance-breaking potential of natural products.

Main Results:

Essential oils and their components demonstrate significant insecticidal activity against a range of urban pests, including those resistant to conventional insecticides.
Commercial EO-based products show variable but promising results in both laboratory and field settings.
Data indicate a growing body of evidence supporting EOs and EOCs as viable alternatives to synthetic pesticides.

Conclusions:

Essential oils and EOCs represent a valuable and sustainable approach to managing urban insect pests, particularly in the face of widespread insecticide resistance.
Further research is needed to optimize formulations, understand mechanisms of action, and establish standardized application protocols for widespread adoption.
Informed decision-making and policy development can facilitate the integration of EOs into integrated pest management programs for urban areas.