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Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed...
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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
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Affective Control Training (AffeCT) reduces negative affect in depressed individuals.

Susanne Schweizer1, Tibor Auer2, Caitlin Hitchcock3

  • 1University of Cambridge, Department of Psychology, Cambridge, UK; University of New South Wales, School of Psychology, Sydney, Australia.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|July 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new computerized program improved affective control in depressed individuals, showing promise for mental health interventions. This approach targets mechanisms underlying depression risk and maintenance.

Keywords:
Affective controlCognitive controlDepressionEmotionEmotional StroopNegative affect

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Depression is a leading global cause of disability with rising prevalence.
  • Current treatments for depression have limited efficacy.
  • The Science of Behaviour Change framework emphasizes targeting specific mechanisms for novel interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a computerized program, Affective Control Training (AffeCT), for improving affective control in individuals with depression.
  • To identify cognitive differences between depressed and never-depressed individuals.
  • To assess AffeCT's impact on affective control and negative affect.

Main Methods:

  • Phase 1: Compared cognitive profiles of 48 depressed individuals with 16 never-depressed individuals using an affective Stroop task.
  • Phase 2: Evaluated AffeCT against a placebo training program.
  • Measured changes in affective Stroop performance and negative affect using the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule.

Main Results:

  • Depressed individuals showed slower reaction times on negative and positive trials in the affective Stroop task compared to controls.
  • AffeCT significantly improved affective Stroop performance compared to placebo training.
  • AffeCT led to greater reductions in negative affect than placebo training.

Conclusions:

  • Affective Control Training (AffeCT) shows potential benefits for improving affective control and reducing negative affect in individuals with depression.
  • The study supports the Science of Behaviour Change framework by demonstrating the utility of targeting specific mechanisms.
  • Further research is needed to determine the impact of AffeCT on depressive symptoms and its broader clinical utility.