Towards super-resolved terahertz microscopy for cellular imaging.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical imaging
• Spectroscopy
• Optics and quasi-optics

Background:

• Conventional biomedical imaging modalities like CT, MRI, and PET have limitations in radiation dose and resolution.
• Terahertz (THz) frequencies (30 μm to 3 mm) offer low photon energy and high penetration depth, beneficial for bioimaging.
• A major limitation of THz imaging is its scarce resolution due to long wavelengths.

Approach:

• This review summarizes state-of-the-art THz imaging applications focused on achieving super-resolution.
• It discusses practical optics and quasi-optics to enhance THz imaging resolution.
• The goal is to reconcile the benefits of THz (low dose, versatility) with improved resolving power.

Key Points:

• THz imaging utilizes low photon energy (∼1 meV), minimizing molecular bond damage.
• High penetration depth of THz waves is advantageous for deep tissue imaging.
• Super-resolution techniques are crucial for overcoming the inherent resolution limits of THz imaging.

Conclusions:

• Implementing super-resolution in THz imaging can make it a versatile, low-dose modality for biomedical and clinical research.
• Advancements in optics and quasi-optics are key to improving THz imaging resolution.
• THz imaging holds promise for enhanced diagnostic capabilities with reduced patient harm.