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Updated: Sep 5, 2025

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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Prosociality moderates outcome evaluation in competition tasks.

Jiachen Lu1, Weidong Li2, Yujia Xie1

  • 1School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.

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Summary

Highly prosocial individuals show distinct neural responses to feedback, influencing outcome evaluation. This suggests individual prosocial traits significantly moderate how people process feedback and make decisions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Understanding individual differences in outcome evaluation is crucial.
  • Prosociality, or concern for others' well-being, may influence decision-making processes.
  • Previous research often involves social comparison or reward processing, limiting insights into prosociality's direct impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how individual prosocial traits affect outcome evaluation.
  • To examine neural responses (FRN and P300 amplitudes) during feedback processing.
  • To explore these effects independently of social comparison and reward processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized face-to-face competition tasks to elicit outcome evaluation.
  • Measured electrophysiological responses, specifically feedback-related negativity (FRN) and P300 amplitudes.
  • Grouped participants into high and low prosociality based on scores.

Main Results:

  • High-prosocial individuals exhibited more negative feedback-related negativity (FRN) amplitudes for medium and large outcome feedback compared to low-prosocial individuals.
  • A smaller P300 amplitude was observed in high-prosocial individuals when facing large outcome feedback.
  • Prosociality scores significantly correlated with FRN amplitude, but only for medium and large feedback, not small feedback.

Conclusions:

  • Individual prosocial traits significantly moderate outcome evaluation processes.
  • Neural responses to feedback are influenced by an individual's level of prosociality.
  • Prosociality impacts how individuals process and react to different magnitudes of feedback.