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Sicca complex and infection with human immunodeficiency virus.

L J Couderc, M F D'Agay, F Danon

    Archives of Internal Medicine
    |May 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sicca complex, a condition causing dry eyes and mouth, can manifest in men with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome. This may be linked to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and associated lymphoid hyperplasia.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Virology
    • Pathology

    Background:

    • Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy syndrome (PGLS) is often associated with various immune dysregulations.
    • Sicca complex, characterized by dry eyes and mouth, is typically linked to autoimmune disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the clinical and pathological features of sicca complex in male patients with PGLS.
    • To determine the potential association between sicca complex, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of salivary gland biopsy specimens from five male patients with PGLS and sicca complex.
    • Serological testing for autoantibodies, rheumatoid factor, IgG antibodies to HIV, and IgG to EBV viral capsid antigen.

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    Main Results:

    • All patients exhibited diffuse lymphocytic infiltration in salivary glands.
    • No serum autoantibodies or rheumatoid factor were detected.
    • All patients tested positive for IgG antibodies to HIV and EBV.

    Conclusions:

    • Sicca complex can be a manifestation of lymphoid hyperplasia in HIV-infected patients.
    • The sicca complex in these male patients presented with distinct features: male predominance, absence of autoantibodies, and specific T-lymphocyte subset distribution.