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Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Formulating and Characterizing Lipid Nanoparticles for Gene Delivery using a Microfluidic Mixing Platform
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Membrane-wrapped nanoparticles for nucleic acid delivery.

Mackenzie A Scully1, Eric H Sterin1, Emily S Day1,2,3

  • 1Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. emilyday@udel.edu.

Biomaterials Science
|July 7, 2022
PubMed
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Membrane-wrapped nanoparticles offer a promising solution for delivering nucleic acids (NAs) to cancer cells, overcoming delivery challenges. These carriers enhance gene regulation for effective cancer management and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • Nucleic acids (NAs) face challenges in cancer therapy due to their charge, hydrophilicity, and size.
  • Effective delivery of therapeutic NAs to cancer cells and tumors is crucial for gene regulation and disease management.
  • Existing delivery methods often struggle to overcome physiological barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of membrane-wrapped nanoparticles (NPs) as delivery vehicles for nucleic acids.
  • To discuss the advancements in using membrane-wrapped NPs for gene regulation in cancer management.
  • To highlight the potential of these NPs in overcoming NA delivery challenges in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on membrane-wrapped nanoparticles for nucleic acid delivery.

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  • Analysis of studies investigating the use of various nucleic acid cargoes (pDNA, mRNA, siRNA, miRNA, CpG ODNs).
  • Evaluation of *in vitro* and *in vivo* data on the efficacy and safety of these delivery systems.

    • Main Results:

    • Membrane-wrapped NPs can encapsulate diverse nucleic acid cargoes, mitigating their inherent limitations.
    • These NPs facilitate overcoming physiological barriers, leading to increased circulation half-lives and targeted accumulation.
    • Demonstrated efficacy in gene regulation for cancer management in preclinical studies.

    Conclusions:

    • Membrane-wrapped NPs show significant potential as advanced carriers for nucleic acid delivery in cancer therapy.
    • Continued development could establish these NPs as valuable clinical tools for treating cancers and genetic diseases.
    • This approach addresses a critical unmet need in precision medicine and targeted therapies.