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[Neurocognitive functioning in young patients with chronic endogenous depression].

I S Fateev1, V V Migalina1, V G Kaleda1

  • 1Mental Health Research Centre, Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|July 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Youth chronic endogenous depressions (YCED) are associated with neurocognitive dysfunction, with distinct cognitive profiles observed in unitary and supplementary depression types. These findings highlight the importance of neurocognitive differences in understanding and classifying adolescent depression.

Keywords:
chronic depressionhigher mental functionsneuropsychologysupplementary depressionunitary depressionyouth

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Youth chronic endogenous depressions (YCED) represent a significant challenge in adolescent mental health.
  • Understanding the specific cognitive deficits associated with YCED is crucial for effective treatment and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the specific features of cognitive functioning in patients diagnosed with YCED.
  • To differentiate cognitive profiles between subtypes of YCED and a comparison group.

Main Methods:

  • A neuropsychological battery was administered to 51 male patients with YCED and 18 patients with non-chronic youth depression.
  • Tests included Rey-Osterrieth complex figure, Design Fluency, Verbal Fluency, 20-question Test, Color-Word Interference Test, arithmetic problem solving, story compilation, SDMT, and Digit Span.

Main Results:

  • YCED patients exhibited neurocognitive dysfunction, with significant differences noted in Rey-Osterrieth figure reproduction, Digit Span, Color-Word Interference Test, arithmetic problem solving, and Visual Fluency.
  • Two types of YCED were identified: unitary (type 1) and supplementary (type 2), with the latter further divided into subtypes based on associated disorders.
  • Distinct neurocognitive profiles were observed between unitary and supplementary YCED types and the comparison group.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with YCED demonstrate clear signs of neurocognitive dysfunction.
  • The neurocognitive profiles differ between unitary and supplementary types of YCED.
  • These findings support further research into YCED typification based on neurocognitive differences, particularly in adolescents.