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Updated: Sep 5, 2025
Methodology for Sputum Induction and Laboratory Processing
Published on: December 17, 2017
Predictors of High Sputum Eosinophils in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Xiang Wen1, Jieqi Peng1, Youlan Zheng1
1National Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Background:
Eosinophils are involved in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and inhaled corticosteroid responsiveness. We evaluated clinical predictors of high sputum eosinophil levels in a COPD cohort in China.
Methods:
We conducted an observational, prospective, population-based, cross-sectional study. Participants were tested for COPD and underwent spirometry, computed tomography scans, and a blood test. Participants also produced induced sputum and responded to an information-gathering questionnaire. High sputum eosinophils were defined as ≥3.0%. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of high sputum eosinophil levels.
Results:
We recruited 895 patients with complete and quality control data. The median percentage of sputum eosinophil abundance was 2.00% (interquartile range: 0.75-5.00) and the prevalence of COPD with high sputum eosinophils was 38.0%. Covariance analysis indicated that the high sputum eosinophil group had lower lung function, more severe emphysema, and air trapping. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that high blood eosinophil levels, severe respiratory symptoms, being a former smoker, and a family history of respiratory diseases were associated with high sputum eosinophil levels.
Conclusion:
High blood eosinophil levels, severe respiratory symptoms, being a former smoker, and a family history of respiratory diseases may be predictors of high sputum eosinophil levels in Chinese COPD patients. High sputum eosinophils were associated with lower lung function, more emphysema, and gas trapping.
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