Bilateral Dacryoadenitis and Central Nervous System Involvement in a Child With Kimura Disease

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Neurology
• Ophthalmology

Background:

• Kimura's disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory condition typically affecting the head and neck with lymphadenopathy and subcutaneous nodules.
• Histopathologically, KD lesions show follicular hyperplasia, eosinophilic infiltrates, fibrosis, and vascular proliferation.
• While predominantly seen in young males with autoimmune disorders, KD can occur at any age, with visceral and orbital involvement being uncommon.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report an unusual case of Kimura's disease presenting with bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement and a brain lesion.
• To emphasize the importance of considering KD in the differential diagnosis of orbital and central nervous system lesions, even in atypical presentations.
• To highlight the diagnostic value of histopathological examination in confirming KD in rare locations.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a young female patient with Kimura's disease.
• Clinical presentation including bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement and a brain lesion.
• Histopathological analysis of biopsies from the lacrimal gland and brain lesion.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with bilateral lacrimal gland enlargement and a lesion in the left lateral ventricle, mimicking a central nervous system neoplasia.
• Histopathological examination of both the lacrimal gland and the brain lesion confirmed the diagnosis of Kimura's disease.
• This case demonstrates rare orbital and intracranial involvement of Kimura's disease.

Conclusions:

• Kimura's disease can present with atypical manifestations, including orbital and central nervous system involvement.
• Early recognition and histopathological confirmation are crucial for managing rare presentations of Kimura's disease.
• This case expands the spectrum of known clinical presentations for Kimura's disease.