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Racial differences in late-onset Blount disease.

Walter Klyce1,2, Daniel Badin2, Jigar S Gandhi3,4

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Obesity and lower socioeconomic status are more prevalent in Black children with Blount disease, suggesting non-genetic factors contribute to racial disparities in this condition.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Public Health
  • Socioeconomic Determinants of Health

Background:

  • Blount disease disproportionately affects obese Black children, but the reasons for this racial predisposition are not fully understood.
  • Obesity is a known risk factor for Blount disease, with established links between race, obesity, and socioeconomic status in the US.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in socioeconomic status and obesity severity between Black and non-Black children with late-onset Blount disease.
  • To examine variations in treatment modalities for Blount disease based on race.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 125 patients with late-onset Blount disease from two institutions.
  • Comparison of demographic variables including age, body mass index (BMI), race, sex, and treatment type.
  • Socioeconomic status assessed using insurance type and estimated household income.

Main Results:

  • Black patients exhibited higher BMI percentiles (96th vs. 89th) and lower estimated incomes (US$48,000 vs. US$62,000) compared to non-Black patients.
  • Black patients had significantly higher rates of Medicaid enrollment (69% vs. 24%).
  • Osteotomy was a more frequent treatment for Black patients (60%) than non-Black patients (38%).

Conclusions:

  • Observed associations between race, obesity, and socioeconomic status suggest that non-genetic factors play a role in the racial disparities of Blount disease prevalence.
  • These findings highlight the need to consider socioeconomic factors in understanding and addressing Blount disease in diverse pediatric populations.