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Related Concept Videos

What are Membranes?01:24

What are Membranes?

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A cell's plasma membrane demarcates the cell's borders and determines the nature of its interaction with the environment. Cells exclude certain substances, take in others, and excrete some others in controlled quantities. The plasma membrane must be flexible to allow certain cells, such as red and white blood cells, to change their shape while passing through narrow capillaries. These are the more obvious plasma membrane functions. In addition, the plasma membrane's surface carries...
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Enlargement of the Plasma Membrane01:22

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Cell division and enlargement are processes that require precise control. The control ensures that cell division cannot proceed unless the cell has grown to a specific size. A spherical, dividing cell requires an approximately 1.6X increase in its surface area to double its volume. The secretory pathway also has a significant role in cell membrane enlargement. Secretory vesicles that bud off from the Golgi apparatus and later fuse with the plasma membrane during exocytosis are a major source of...
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Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation00:59

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Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
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Plasma Membrane in Bacteria and Archaea01:27

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The plasma membrane is an essential cellular structure responsible for maintaining cellular integrity and regulating the selective transport of molecules. While bacteria and archaea share the fundamental function of plasma membranes, their structural and molecular differences reflect adaptations to distinct ecological and physiological challenges.Bacterial Plasma MembranesBacterial plasma membranes are predominantly composed of phospholipids with fatty acid chains ester-linked to a glycerol...
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Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

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Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
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Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport01:24

Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport

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Drugs must traverse multiple biological barriers, such as multi-layered skin, single-layered intestinal epithelium, and the plasma membrane, to reach their target sites within the body. The plasma membrane, a highly structured composite of phospholipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, is the cell's protective boundary, facilitating selective substance exchange.
Phospholipids arrange themselves into a bilayer, with hydrophilic heads oriented outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Plasma Membrane Repair Mechanisms with Innovative Thermoplasmonic Puncturing
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Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying plasma membrane functionality and integrity.

Maria Vasconcelos-Cardoso1,2,3, Daniela Batista-Almeida1,2,3, Laura Valeria Rios-Barros4

  • 1University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.

Journal of Cell Science
|July 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review details plasma membrane quality control, covering how cells remove damaged surface proteins and repair membrane injuries. Understanding these processes is crucial for cell homeostasis and disease treatment.

Keywords:
Plasma membrane proteinPlasma membrane quality controlPlasma membrane repairProtein traffickingTherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The plasma membrane is vital for cell protection, homeostasis, and regulating cellular events.
  • Maintaining plasma membrane integrity and protein quality is essential for cellular function.
  • Defects in these processes are linked to various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of plasma membrane quality control mechanisms.
  • To elucidate the processes of targeting and removing cell surface proteins.
  • To review membrane repair mechanisms in physiological and pathological states.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on plasma membrane protein quality control.
  • Analysis of cellular mechanisms for identifying and removing aberrant surface proteins.
  • Synthesis of data on membrane repair strategies.

Main Results:

  • Detailed explanation of how cells identify and target defective membrane proteins for removal.
  • Description of cellular strategies for repairing plasma membrane damage.
  • Identification of gaps in current understanding of plasma membrane quality control.

Conclusions:

  • A holistic understanding of plasma membrane quality control is currently lacking.
  • Elucidating these mechanisms offers potential for novel therapeutic targets.
  • Improved knowledge can lead to innovative treatments for diseases linked to membrane dysfunction.