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Drug acetylator phenotypes in newborn infants.

I Szórády, A Sánta, I Veress

    Biological Research in Pregnancy and Perinatology
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    In healthy newborns, the slow acetylator phenotype is predominant (83%), a higher frequency than in other age groups. This finding highlights a potential clinical risk factor in neonates due to increased drug sensitivity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacogenetics
    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Drug Metabolism

    Background:

    • Drug acetylator phenotype influences drug metabolism and efficacy.
    • Understanding acetylator phenotype distribution across age groups is crucial for personalized medicine.
    • Neonates may exhibit unique metabolic profiles compared to adults.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the distribution of drug acetylator phenotypes in healthy newborn infants.
    • To compare the frequency of acetylator phenotypes in newborns with other age groups.
    • To identify potential factors influencing neonatal acetylator phenotypes.

    Main Methods:

    • Phenotyping 100 healthy newborn infants using a single oral dose of sulphadimidine (100 mg).
    • Assaying total and free sulphadimidine in urine to determine acetylator status.
    • Comparing observed phenotype frequencies with data from different age groups.

    Main Results:

    • The slow acetylator phenotype was predominant in healthy newborns, observed in 83% of infants.
    • This frequency was the highest observed across all studied age groups.
    • Elderly subjects also showed a predominance of slow acetylators.

    Conclusions:

    • Neonatal acetylator phenotype is influenced by genetic, environmental, and developmental factors.
    • A negative pantothenic acid balance potentially contributes to insufficient Coenzyme-A synthesis and slow acetylation in neonates.
    • The predominance of the slow acetylator phenotype in neonates represents a significant clinical risk factor due to heightened drug sensitivity.

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