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The Skin Microbiota01:27

The Skin Microbiota

The human skin serves as a complex ecosystem inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining skin health and defending against pathogenic invaders. The composition of microbial communities varies significantly across different regions of the body, influenced primarily by the local levels of moisture and sebum.Regional Variation in Skin MicrobiotaCutibacterium acnes predominantly colonizes sebaceous...
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The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more like...
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The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
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The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...
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Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
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Microbiome in Immune-Mediated Uveitis.

Carmen Antía Rodríguez-Fernández1, Manuel Busto Iglesias2,3, Begoña de Domingo4

  • 1Ophthalmology Department, University Clinical Hospital of Vigo (SERGAS), 36213 Vigo, Spain.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gut dysbiosis may contribute to non-infectious uveitis (NIU). Modulating the gut microbiome offers a potential therapeutic strategy for NIU, with anti-TNF treatments showing promise in restoring gut microbiota and predicting patient response.

Keywords:
gut microbiotaimmune-mediated diseaseintestinal microbiomemicrobiota modulationnon-infectious uveitis (NIU)ocular microbiome

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Personalized medicine is advancing in ophthalmology.
  • The microbiome, particularly the gut microbiome, influences immune responses.
  • Gut dysbiosis is linked to immune-mediated diseases like non-infectious uveitis (NIU).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence linking intestinal dysbiosis to NIU pathogenesis.
  • To explore gut microbiota modulation as a therapeutic target for NIU.
  • To discuss mechanisms and potential treatments for NIU involving the microbiome.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pre-clinical and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms of dysbiosis in NIU.
  • Evaluation of pharmacological interventions targeting the gut microbiome.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports the role of intestinal dysbiosis in NIU development.
  • Various agents can modulate the gut microbiome for potential NIU control.
  • Anti-TNF therapy may restore gut microbiota and predict treatment response.

Conclusions:

  • Gut dysbiosis is implicated in the pathogenesis of non-infectious uveitis.
  • Targeting the gut microbiome presents a novel therapeutic avenue for NIU.
  • Microbiome analysis may personalize anti-TNF treatment strategies for NIU patients.