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TMJ Position in Symmetric Dentofacial Deformity.

Victor Ravelo1,2, Gabriela Olate2, Marcio de Moraes3

  • 1Research Undergraduate Group in Dentistry (GIPO), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4810101, Chile.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The sagittal temporomandibular joint (TMJ) position correlates with mandibular plane and skeletal class. Class II subjects exhibit an anterior condyle position, while Class III subjects show a posterior condyle position.

Keywords:
dentofacial deformityorthognathic surgerysymmetrytemporomandibular joint

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

  • Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders can be influenced by skeletal discrepancies.
  • Understanding condyle position relative to facial patterns is crucial for orthognathic surgery planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between facial skeletal class, mandibular plane angle, and the sagittal and coronal position of the mandibular condyle.
  • To investigate these relationships in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 89 subjects (18-58 years) evaluated for orthognathic surgery.
  • Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to assess condyle position, joint space, mandibular plane, gonial angle, and molar class.
  • Spearman correlation test was employed to analyze relationships, with a significance level of p < 0.05.

Main Results:

  • Class III (CIII) subjects showed greater mediolateral distance and vertical distance in the coronal condyle position compared to Class II (CII) subjects.
  • A larger mandibular angle (open bite tendency) in CII subjects correlated with an anterior condyle position.
  • A posterior condyle position was significant in CIII subjects.

Conclusions:

  • The sagittal condyle position is significantly related to the mandibular plane and skeletal class.
  • CII subjects tend to have a higher mandibular angle and more anterior condyle position.
  • CIII subjects tend to have a lower mandibular angle and more posterior condyle position, with implications for surgical treatment planning.