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Intracellular Staining and Flow Cytometry to Identify Lymphocyte Subsets within Murine Aorta, Kidney and Lymph Nodes in a Model of Hypertension
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NKG2A Expression among CD8 Cells Is Associated with COVID-19 Progression in Hypertensive Patients: Insights from the

Renata Moll-Bernardes1, Sérgio C Fortier1,2, Andréa S Sousa1,3

  • 1D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 9, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension patients with COVID-19 and higher CD8+ NKG2A MFI on admission faced severe disease progression. This immune marker, along with clinical factors, indicates a high risk, suggesting T cell exhaustion in severe cases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular comorbidities and immune dysregulation are linked to severe COVID-19.
  • Hypertension is a significant risk factor for adverse COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Understanding immune cell profiles in hypertensive COVID-19 patients is crucial for predicting disease severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immune cell profile in hospitalized hypertensive patients with COVID-19.
  • To identify immune cell subsets associated with progression to severe COVID-19.
  • To explore the relationship between immune markers and clinical variables in predicting disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • A logistic regression model was used to analyze data from 156 hospitalized hypertensive patients with COVID-19.
  • Clinical variables and immune cell subsets were assessed on admission.
  • The primary outcome was progression to severe COVID-19 disease.

Main Results:

  • Obesity, diabetes, low oxygen saturation, lung CT findings, elevated C-reactive protein, and altered lymphocyte counts (total, CD4+, CD8+, CD4/CD8 ratio) were associated with severe COVID-19.
  • Increased CD8+ NKG2A MFI (Mean Fluorescence Intensity) on admission was significantly linked to a higher risk of progression.
  • CD8+ HLA-DR MFI also showed association with disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Increased CD8+ NKG2A MFI at hospital admission is a key indicator of severe COVID-19 progression risk in hypertensive patients.
  • Findings support the hypothesis of T cell exhaustion in severe COVID-19, evidenced by NKG2A expression.
  • These insights may offer potential therapeutic targets for mitigating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.

Keywords:
COVID-19HLA-DRNKG2AT cellhypertensionimmune response

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