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Updated: Sep 5, 2025

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
Published on: November 18, 2022
Optimal Deployment of WSN Nodes for Crop Monitoring Based on Geostatistical Interpolations
Edgar Andres Gutierrez1,2, Ivan Fernando Mondragon1, Julian D Colorado1
1School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota 110231, Colombia.
Abstract:
This paper proposes an integrated method for the estimation of soil moisture in potato crops that uses a low-cost wireless sensor network (WSN). Soil moisture estimation maps were created by applying the Kriging technique over a WSN composed of 11×11 nodes. Our goal is to estimate the soil moisture of the crop with a small-scale WSN. Using a perfect mesh approach on a potato crop, experimental results demonstrated that 25 WSN nodes were optimal and sufficient for soil moisture characterization, achieving estimations errors <2%. We provide a strategy to select the number of nodes to use in a WSN, to characterize the moisture behavior for spatio-temporal analysis of soil moisture in the crop. Finally, the implementation cost of this strategy is shown, considering the number of nodes and the corresponding margin of error.
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