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Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Experimental Investigation of the Flow Structure over a Delta Wing Via Flow Visualization Methods
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A Wind Tunnel Setup for Fluid-Structure Interaction Measurements Using Optical Methods.

Simon Nietiedt1, Tom T B Wester2, Apostolos Langidis2

  • 1Institute of Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics (IAPG), Jade University of Applied Sciences, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany.

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|July 9, 2022
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Summary

This study introduces a novel measurement setup for acquiring fluid-structure interaction (FSI) data in wind turbines. The system enables simultaneous recording of wind flow and blade deformation, advancing FSI research.

Keywords:
PIVdynamic metrologyfluid-structure interactionphotogrammetrywind tunnelwind turbine

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Area of Science:

  • Aerodynamics
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Rotor blade design relies heavily on understanding aerodynamic phenomena, particularly fluid-structure interaction (FSI).
  • Acquiring practical FSI data for rotating wind turbines is challenging, with limited established methodologies.
  • FSI involves the complex interplay between a flexible structure, like a rotor blade, and the surrounding fluid, such as wind.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel measurement setup for acquiring real-world FSI information from rotating wind turbines.
  • To demonstrate a practical method for obtaining simultaneous fluid and deformation data during wind tunnel experiments.
  • To address the complexity and limitations in current FSI data acquisition techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a measurement setup integrating two optical systems: Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for fluid dynamics and photogrammetry for structural deformation.
  • Implementation of techniques for temporal and spatial synchronization of data from both PIV and photogrammetry systems.
  • Conducting wind tunnel experiments with rotating wind turbine models under varying wind conditions.

Main Results:

  • The integrated setup successfully acquired simultaneous, high-quality, area-based data on both fluid flow and rotor blade deformation.
  • Demonstrated the capability of the measurement system to capture FSI phenomena in rotating wind turbines.
  • Experimental results validated the effectiveness of the combined PIV and photogrammetry approach.

Conclusions:

  • The presented measurement setup offers a significant advancement in acquiring detailed FSI information for wind turbine research.
  • This methodology provides a practical and effective tool for studying the complex interactions between wind and rotor blades.
  • The findings contribute to a better understanding of FSI, crucial for optimizing wind turbine design and performance.