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Related Concept Videos

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
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Type IV Collagen of Basal Lamina01:05

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Type IV collagen is a 400 nm long, network-forming collagen that acts as a barrier between the epithelial and endothelial cells. Type IV collagen  forms the backbone of the basement membrane by scaffolding with laminin, entactin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin. Apart from rendering structural support to the basement membrane, it also helps entail signaling potentials necessary for both pathological and physiological functions.
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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Isolation of Lamina Propria Mononuclear Cells from Murine Colon Using Collagenase E
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Microscopic colitis: lymphocytic colitis, collagenous colitis, and beyond.

Lin Yuan1, Tsung-Teh Wu2, Lizhi Zhang2

  • 1Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 201613, China.

Human Pathology
|July 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic diarrhea condition diagnosed via colon biopsy. This review covers MC subtypes, risk factors, associated diseases, and diagnostic challenges for pathologists.

Keywords:
Collagenous colitisInflammatory bowel diseaseLymphocytic colitisMicroscopic colitisMicroscopic colitis incompletePathology

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Microscopic colitis (MC) presents as chronic watery diarrhea with normal endoscopic findings.
  • Diagnosis requires colon biopsy showing characteristic microscopic features, identifying subtypes like lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the clinicopathologic features of microscopic colitis.
  • To focus on unusual presentations and associations of MC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinicopathologic features of MC.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges and associations with other conditions.

Main Results:

  • MC subtypes (LC, CC) have distinct morphological features.
  • MC is associated with celiac disease, IBD, and certain medications.
  • Diagnostic dilemmas arise from MC variants and MC-like changes.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding MC's clinicopathologic spectrum is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Further research is needed to clarify MC pathogenesis and management.
  • Pathologists must be aware of MC's associations and unusual features.