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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Scleral Cross-linking Using Riboflavin and Ultraviolet-A Radiation for Prevention of Axial Myopia in a Rabbit Model
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Biomechanical changes in myopic sclera correlate with underlying changes in microstructure.

Cameron Hoerig1, Sally McFadden2, Quan V Hoang3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Experimental Eye Research
|July 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Myopia alters the posterior sclera

Keywords:
Collagen microstructureForm deprivation myopiaQuantitative acoustic microscopySecond harmonic generation imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Myopia is linked to changes in the posterior sclera's structure and mechanics.
  • The sclera's layered composition and collagen fibril characteristics may vary between layers.
  • Scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) and second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging offer insights into tissue properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate biomechanically distinct scleral layers using SAM and SHG imaging.
  • To identify relationships between mechanical properties and collagen microstructure in myopic guinea pig eyes.
  • To understand how myopia affects scleral layer integrity and biomechanics.

Main Methods:

  • Unilateral form-deprivation myopia induced in guinea pigs using diffusers.
  • Cryosectioning of eyes followed by adjacent scanning with SAM and SHG imaging.
  • Estimation of mechanical parameters (bulk modulus, mass density, acoustic attenuation) and collagen fiber characteristics (length, width, alignment, number density).

Main Results:

  • A distinct layered mechanical structure was observed in control eyes, less apparent in myopic eyes.
  • Myopic sclera showed smaller diameter and more aligned collagen fibers.
  • Biomechanical changes associated with myopia were most pronounced in the outermost and innermost scleral layers.
  • SAM-derived mechanical parameters correlated with collagen fiber microstructure.

Conclusions:

  • The posterior sclera exhibits biomechanically distinct layers, altered by myopia.
  • Myopia impacts collagen fiber characteristics and mechanical properties, particularly in outer and inner scleral layers.
  • Interventions targeting the outermost scleral layer may be effective for myopia control, especially in peripheral regions.