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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

305
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
305
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

369
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
369
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
403
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

176
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
176
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

356
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
356
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

534
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Epigenetics in IBD: a conceptual framework for disease pathogenesis.

Natasha G1, Matthias Zilbauer1

  • 1Paediatrics, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK.

Frontline Gastroenterology
|July 11, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising globally, with environmental and epigenetic factors potentially driving its development. Understanding these epigenetic mechanisms offers new avenues for personalized IBD treatment strategies.

Keywords:
IBDPAEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Global incidence and prevalence of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are increasing.
  • Emergence in developing countries suggests environmental and epigenetic factors are crucial in IBD pathogenesis.
  • Epigenetics, changes in phenotype without altering DNA sequence, influences health and disease, including cancer and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epigenetic mechanisms in mammals and their role in IBD.
  • To discuss challenges in IBD epigenetics research.
  • To propose strategies for overcoming these challenges using 'omics' and organoid technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Analysis of potential involvement in IBD pathogenesis.
  • Discussion of technological approaches like 'omics' and organoids.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms are implicated in IBD pathogenesis.
  • Identification of cell-type-specific epigenetic mechanisms could enable personalized treatment.
  • Challenges in IBD epigenetics research exist but can be addressed.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic factors are increasingly recognized in paediatric IBD.
  • Investigating epigenetics in IBD is vital for understanding disease mechanisms.
  • Advanced technologies offer promising strategies for future IBD research and personalized medicine.