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The Role of Decoy Receptor DcR3 in Gastrointestinal Malignancy
Styliani Lagou1, Dimitra Grapsa1, Nikolaos Syrigos1
1Oncology Unit, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Abstract:
Malignancies are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Early detection and treatment are the primary targets of clinical and translational research, and may be facilitated by the recognition of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) is a soluble receptor of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily of proteins (TNFRSF), which associates with its respective TNF-like ligands, Fas-L, LIGHT, and TL1A. DcR3 has been recognised as a significant anti-apoptotic factor with prominent involvement in various inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Increased intratumor expression of DcR3 and elevated soluble DcR3 protein content in the sera of patients has been reported for various malignancies. Recent published work has suggested that monitoring of local and systemic DcR3 may provide an attractive biomarker, mainly for defining subgroups of patients with aggressive tumor behaviour and poor prognosis. The aim of the present review is to summarize and critically present existing evidence regarding the potential clinical importance of monitoring DcR3 expression in patients with malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as liver and pancreatic cancer. We also present a detailed description of the pathophysiological basis that may underlie the involvement of DcR3 in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. Based on these data, we comment on the potential applicability of DcR3 monitoring in the diagnosis and, most importantly, the prognostic stratification of patients.
Insights
Monitoring decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) shows promise as a biomarker for early cancer detection and prognosis. This review highlights DcR3
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Malignancies are a leading global cause of mortality, necessitating advancements in early detection and treatment.
- Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, acts as a soluble anti-apoptotic factor implicated in neoplastic conditions.
- Elevated DcR3 expression within tumors and in patient sera has been observed across various cancers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and critically evaluate the clinical significance of monitoring decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) expression in gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic cancers.
- To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms linking DcR3 to gastrointestinal carcinogenesis.
- To assess the potential of DcR3 monitoring for cancer diagnosis and prognostic stratification.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and critical synthesis of existing evidence on DcR3 in malignancies.
- Analysis of pathophysiological data concerning DcR3's role in carcinogenesis.
- Evaluation of diagnostic and prognostic applicability of DcR3 monitoring.
Main Results:
- DcR3 is implicated in various inflammatory and neoplastic conditions as a significant anti-apoptotic factor.
- Increased intratumor and serum DcR3 levels are reported in multiple malignancies.
- DcR3 monitoring may aid in identifying patient subgroups with aggressive disease and poor prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Monitoring DcR3 expression holds potential as a valuable biomarker in oncology.
- DcR3's role in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis warrants further investigation.
- DcR3 monitoring could enhance the diagnosis and prognostic stratification of cancer patients.
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