Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

8.9K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.9K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

6.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.2K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

17.0K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
17.0K
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

10.4K
RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while...
10.4K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

26.4K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
26.4K
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

7.0K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer.

Journal of translational medicine·2026
Same author

TRIM9 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of dermal papilla cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to improve androgenetic alopecia.

Pathology, research and practice·2026
Same author

Experiences with and reporting racism during medical school.

Journal of the National Medical Association·2026
Same author

Synergizing Schottky/S-Scheme Dual-Junction With Cu/Pb Dual-Site in a 0D/3D Cu@CsPbBr<sub>3</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Heterojunction for Efficient CO<sub>2</sub>-to-C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> Photoreduction.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Intraoperative outcomes of 2-dose indocyanine green fluorescence imaging strategies versus white light in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cystic duct stones: A retrospective comparative study.

Medicine·2026
Same author

ACSS2 Inhibition Alleviates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: Insights from Targeted Metabolomics.

Chemical research in toxicology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
08:25

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing

Published on: November 14, 2019

12.4K

Advances in Circular RNA and Its Applications.

Xian Zhao1, Youxiu Zhong1, Xudong Wang1

  • 1National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing, 101111, China.

International Journal of Medical Sciences
|July 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable, non-coding RNAs with a unique closed-loop structure. They act as miRNA sponges, regulating gene expression and offering potential for novel therapeutics.

Keywords:
back-splicingcircRNAcircRNA-based therapeuticsmRNAmiRNA

More Related Videos

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
10:27

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: October 21, 2022

1.6K
Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs
13:10

Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs

Published on: March 10, 2020

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
08:25

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing

Published on: November 14, 2019

12.4K
In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
10:27

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: October 21, 2022

1.6K
Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs
13:10

Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs

Published on: March 10, 2020

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Circular RNA (circRNA) is a novel class of endogenous non-coding RNA (ncRNA).
  • Unlike linear RNAs, circRNAs possess a stable, covalently closed-loop structure resistant to exonuclease degradation.
  • This stability leads to sustained expression, making circRNAs significant in biological regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of circRNA biogenesis and mechanisms.
  • To elucidate the regulatory roles of circRNAs in disease.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential and challenges of circRNA-based treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on circRNA.
  • Analysis of circRNA functions, including miRNA sponging.
  • Examination of circRNA's role in gene expression and protein transport.

Main Results:

  • CircRNAs function primarily as miRNA sponges, sequestering miRNAs and releasing repression on target genes.
  • This mechanism allows circRNAs to significantly enhance the expression of host genes.
  • CircRNAs play a crucial role in the onset and progression of various diseases through specific circRNA-miRNA interactions.

Conclusions:

  • CircRNAs represent a significant regulatory layer in gene expression.
  • Their unique properties and regulatory functions highlight their potential as therapeutic targets.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in developing effective circRNA-based therapeutics.