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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Quantitative 3D In Silico Modeling q3DISM of Cerebral Amyloid-beta Phagocytosis in Rodent Models of Alzheimer's Disease
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Epigenetics in Alzheimer's Disease.

Xiaodie Gao1,2, Qiang Chen2, Hua Yao1

  • 1Guangxi Key Lab of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|July 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA, are increasingly recognized in Alzheimer's disease (AD). These modifications offer a promising new therapeutic target for treating AD, a complex neurodegenerative disorder.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseacetylationepigeneticsmethylationubiquitination

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with poorly understood pathogenesis.
  • Current treatments targeting amyloid-beta (Aβ) have largely failed, and existing therapies have limited efficacy and significant side effects.
  • There is a critical need for novel therapeutic strategies for AD management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize the current understanding of epigenetic alterations in Alzheimer's disease.
  • To explore the potential of epigenetics as a novel therapeutic target for AD treatment.
  • To highlight the role of DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA in AD pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating epigenetic modifications in Alzheimer's disease.
  • Analysis of research on DNA methylation patterns in AD.
  • Examination of studies on histone modifications and their role in AD.
  • Review of microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation associated with AD.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic changes, including altered DNA methylation, histone modifications, and dysregulated miRNA expression, are consistently observed in Alzheimer's disease.
  • While the causal relationship is still under investigation, these epigenetic alterations represent a significant departure from normal brain function in AD.
  • These epigenetic mechanisms provide a new framework for understanding AD pathology beyond traditional targets like Aβ.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic modifications represent a promising and largely untapped therapeutic avenue for Alzheimer's disease.
  • Targeting epigenetic mechanisms offers a potential strategy to develop more effective treatments for AD.
  • Further research into the specific roles of DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA in AD is warranted.