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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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A Customizable Protocol for String Assembly gRNA Cloning STAgR
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Reprogramming Microbial CO2-Metabolizing Chassis With CRISPR-Cas Systems.

Hai-Yan Yu1,2, Shu-Guang Wang1,3, Peng-Fei Xia1

  • 1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|July 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbial carbon-negative biotechnology utilizes CO2-metabolizing microbes to capture atmospheric carbon dioxide. Synthetic biology tools like CRISPR-Cas systems are revolutionizing this field for sustainable fuel and chemical production.

Keywords:
CRISPRacetogencarbon dioxidecyanobacteriagenome editingmethanogen

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions drive global warming, necessitating reduced fossil fuel reliance and atmospheric CO2 sequestration.
  • Carbon-neutral and carbon-negative biotechnologies offer promising solutions.
  • Microbial CO2-metabolizing chassis are advantageous for direct CO2 fixation into valuable products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in applying CRISPR-Cas systems to engineer CO2-metabolizing microorganisms.
  • To highlight the role of synthetic biology in advancing carbon-negative biotechnology.
  • To explore future innovations using emerging CRISPR-Cas technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on CRISPR-Cas systems (genome editing, interference/activation) in cyanobacteria, acetogens, and methanogens.
  • Analysis of synthetic biology tool development for microbial CO2 utilization.
  • Exploration of future CRISPR-Cas technologies (base editing, prime editing, transposon-mediated editing).

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas systems have been successfully adapted for engineering key CO2-metabolizing microbial chassis.
  • These tools have significantly advanced the development of carbon-negative bioprocesses.
  • Recent advances enable precise genome editing and regulation in target microorganisms.

Conclusions:

  • Synthetic biology, particularly CRISPR-Cas technology, is crucial for unlocking the potential of microbial CO2 fixation.
  • Engineering cyanobacteria, acetogens, and methanogens with CRISPR-Cas systems accelerates carbon-negative biotechnology.
  • Future CRISPR-Cas innovations promise further advancements in sustainable CO2 utilization.